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polyacrylamide viscosity concentration in bahamas

  • Empirical Correlations for Viscosity of Polyacrylamide ...

    Combined effect of molecular weight, degree of hydrolysis, concentration of polymer and shear rate on viscosity of polymer solution: The modified form of power-law equation for polymer viscosity that takes into account the combined effects of molecular weight, degree of hydrolysis, concentration and shear rate is presented in this section. These four parameters affect the viscosity of the polymer solution and can be combined in one equation to predict the viscosity …

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  • Experiment 2: Characterization of polyacrylamide (PAM)

    2020-12-30 · Aim: (a) To determine the intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight of polyacrylamide (synthesized in experiment 1) using a Ubbelohde capillary viscometer. (b) To measure the shear rate dependent viscosity of 'concentrated' PAM solutions by using a coaxial cylinder (Couette) viscometer.

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  • Viscosity of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide under ...

    2013-2-12 · The viscosity data for the product 3,100 at 30 °C are given in Fig. 2. The trend clearly complies with the power law. Similar test results were obtained for the product 3,200. It is obvious that higher HPAM concentration leads to higher viscosity. It can also be concluded that polymer viscosity is reduced at higher shear rate.

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  • Polyacrylamide degradation and its implications in ...

    2018-9-7 · Full size table. The molecular weight (MW) of commercial PAM ranges from 10 5 to >10 7 Da. High MW PAM (>10 6 Da) has a wider range of applications due to its high viscosity, drag reduction ...

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  • Cavitation erosion of AISI1045 steel in polyacrylamide ...

    2018-11-15 · The concentrations (mass fractions) of the water-soluble polyacrylamide solutions tested to verify the effects of concentration were 0, 0.02%, 0.05% and 0.08% (temperature is 25 °C). Meanwhile, the temperature was varied at 10 °C, 25 °C and 40 °C for examining the effects of temperature on cavitation erosion.

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  • Synthesis and characterization of amphoteric ...

    2018-6-10 · The particle size of the synthesized amphoteric polyacrylamide (AmPAM) ranged from 1 to 8μm and the intrinsic viscosity ranged from 5.6 to 14.2dL/g. The influences of aqueous solution of AS concentration, stabi-lizer concentration, initiator concentration, monomer concentration on the conversion of monomer, the intrinsic viscosity,

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  • Experiment 1: Polymerization of acrylamide in water

    2020-12-30 · ) falling through a liquid (of viscosity η and density ρ L) under the action of gravitational forces (gravitational acceleration, g) acquires a steady terminal velocity Vt. Under these conditions, the viscosity of the liquid is given by the following equation: 2(ρ S-ρ L)R2g η = (3) 9 V t Polyacrylamide:

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  • Synthesis, Characterization, and Flocculation

    2016-12-1 · The viscosity relationship between 1% HCl polymer solution and 10% HCl polymer solution derived from identical polymers declined according to the following relation: PAM > AM-AMPS > HPAM > AM-DMDAAC. The changes in polymer weight indicated that high concentration hydrochloric acid results in the direct fracture of the polymer backbone.

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  • Investigation of the degradation and stability of ...

    2020-2-20 · The viscosity of the solution with dissolved beads is (8.24 ± 0.72) × 10 4 Pa s at 37 °C, which is only slightly higher (<3%) than that of the solution without beads, (8.03 ± 0.69) × 10 4 Pa s. As a control, the solution with intact beads has similar viscosity to the solution without beads (Figure S4, Supporting Information).

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  • TEMPERATURE, CONCENTRATION, AND PUMPING

    2010-11-20 · TEMPERATURE, CONCENTRATION, AND PUMPING EFFECTS ON PAM VISCOSITY D. L. Bjorneberg ABSTRACT. As polyacrylamide (PAM) use in irrigated agriculture increases, new methods are being sought to accurately and automatically apply PAM with irrigation water. PAM is also beginning to be used in sprinkler irrigation. However,

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  • Rheological response of a modified polyacrylamide–silica ...

    Hybrid of hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide–silica nanoparticles emerged as a promising strategy for achieving enhanced stability and high viscosity. We experimentally explain the role of nanoparticles in bridging between polymer chains leading to an increase in the hydrodynamic radius and consequently the viscosity of the hybrid.

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  • Experiment 1: Polymerization of acrylamide in water

    2020-12-30 · As the molecular weight increases, the viscosity of the polymer solution increases. Typically, the 'zero shear' viscosity varies with the molecular weight (M) and concentration (c) as follows; η (0) ~ c2.5 M3.4 (2) Viscosity measurement using Stokes Law: (See addendum on the Falling Ball Viscometer) A solid sphere (of radius R and density ρ S

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  • Experimental and theoretical study of dilute ...

    The structure and intrinsic viscosity of the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HAPM) and polyacrylamide (PAM) in aqueous solution were investigated by comparative studies of molecular dynamics simulation over a wide range of the NaCl concentration. The radius of gyration (R(g)), the hydrodynamic …

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  • Synthesis and characterization of amphoteric ...

    2018-6-10 · The particle size of the synthesized amphoteric polyacrylamide (AmPAM) ranged from 1 to 8μm and the intrinsic viscosity ranged from 5.6 to 14.2dL/g. The influences of aqueous solution of AS concentration, stabi-lizer concentration, initiator concentration, monomer concentration on the conversion of monomer, the intrinsic viscosity,

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  • Improving the Viscosity of Partially Hydrolyzed ...

    It was found that higher monomer concentration resulted in higher viscosity-average molecular weight of polyacrylamide. Further study revealed that the hydrolysis of polyacrylamide by alkaline solution significantly increased the viscosity of 1000 ppm solution from 1.5 to 145.40 cP at room temperature, which is comparable to one of the ...

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  • Research Article Study on Properties of Branched ...

    2019-7-31 · F : Viscosity versus polymer concentration of BHMPAM compared to HPAM in synthetic formation water. 1 10 100 1000 020 40 60 80 BHMPAM HPAM Temperature ( C) Viscosity (mPa s) F : Viscosity versus temperature of BHMPAM compared to HPAM in synthetic formation water (concentration of both polymers: mg/L). When the BHMPAM solution concentration exceeded

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  • Polyacrylamide solution average Mw 1,500, 50 wt. %

    Polyacrylamide solution average Mw 1,500, 50 wt. % in H2O; CAS Number: 9003-05-8; find Sigma-Aldrich-434930 MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, similar products & more at …

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  • On the correlation between the viscosity of partially ...

    The solution viscosity of neutral polyacrylamide (PAM), the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (70% HPAM), and polyacrylic acid (PAA) were measured concurrently with the apparent diffusion coefficient in the dilute and semidilute concentration regimes.

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  • Dissolvable Polyacrylamide Beads for

    2020-2-20 · Droplet microfluidics have proven critical for next-generation single-cell analysis. 1 Coupled with high-throughput sequencing, droplet-based single cell sequencing technologies have been developed to analyze RNA, 2, 3 DNA, 4, 5 and even proteins 6, 7 in single cells. To track single cells, barcodes need to be introduced, which is mainly achieved by adding synthetic DNA barcode primers to beads.

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  • Experimental and theoretical study of dilute ...

    The structure and intrinsic viscosity of the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HAPM) and polyacrylamide (PAM) in aqueous solution were investigated by comparative studies of molecular dynamics simulation over a wide range of the NaCl concentration. The radius of gyration (R(g)), the hydrodynamic …

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  • Synthesis and Characterization of Different Molecular ...

    2017-4-27 · Viscosity average molecular weight of polyacrylamide The viscosity average molecular weight of polyacrylamides was carried out by determining the intrinsic viscosities of the polyacrylamides using Ubbelohede viscometer, no. 4809 ASTM at 25 ± 0.1ºC. The polyacrylamide solutions were prepared in distilled water.

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  • Reprinted from Adsorption From Aqueous Solutions P.H ...

    2003-2-21 · ADSORPTION OF POLYACRYLAMIDE 147 FIGURE 2 Diagram illustrating changes in reduced viscosity of polyacrylamide with aging of the solutions under higher temperature conditions (60.C). ~ 4--e-a ~ 3 U) 0 u U):> 2 u i&: U ~ 1 0 oJ g 0 oJ ~ FIGURE 3 T'UE,mlft Diagram i.llu~trilting changes in reduced viscosity of polyacrylamide in alkaline solutions.

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  • EFFECT OF ELECTROLYTE CONCENTRATION IN PROCESS

    2019-2-11 · Figure 20. Effect of pH and electrolyte concentration on the intrinsic viscosity of anionic polyacrylamide flocculant (PAM) at 25 °C. ..... 40 Figure 21 Reduced viscosity vs PAM concentration for different sodium chloride solutions

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  • high concentration polyacrylamide-based friction reduce

    High Concentration Polyacrylamide-Based Friction Reducer. Traditionally, friction reducer systems have been used to promote laminar flow in pipe to reduce friction pressure in pumping of low viscosity, slickwater-type fracture treatments. In these types of treatments, velocity is the key factor in proppant transport into the reservoir.

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  • Stability of polyacrylamides in hard brines at elevated ...

    2021-6-26 · Viscosity retention was also found to be extremely shear-rate dependent. Other naturally occurring polymers exhibited variable performance. In alkaline brines, polyacrylamides were stable up to 90/sup 0/C (194/sup 0/F) for long periods of time, whereas xanthan was degraded at >50/sup 0/C (>122/sup 0/F).al « less.

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  • Properties of Polyacrylamides

    2020-7-11 · COMMERCIAL Polyacrylamides Major manufacturers of acrylamide polymers are BASF, SNF Floerger, Shangdong Tongli , and Kemira. Applications. Poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) and its sodium salts (APAM) are widely used as thickening agent, binder, super absorbent, soil conditioner, filtering aid, flocculating agent, crosslinker, suspending agent, lubricant, and oil recovery agent.

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  • Dissolvable Polyacrylamide Beads for High‐Throughput ...

    2020-10-20 · viscosity of reaction solution, we measured the viscosity of solu-tion with dissolved beads and without beads by using tracer particles. The viscosity of the solution with dissolved beads is Adv. Sci. 2020, 7, 1903463 Figure 2. Fabrication and characterization of dissolvable polyacrylamide beads.

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  • Polyacrylamide Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions

    2004-1-15 · Viscoelastic properties of ultrathin films are important in such applications as polymer-supported lipid bilayers, and the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) offers the ability to measure these properties in situ. In this study, polymer films are created by adsorbing polyacrylamide to gold and silver surfaces from aqueous solutions. The molecular weight of the polymers ranges from 10 000 to 1 ...

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  • Academic Journal of Polymer science (AJOP) | Juniper ...

    The polymer solution of 1.0wt% concentration was prepared in distilled water. The nanoparticle of SiO2, TiO2, Fe2O3 in a concentration of 0.2wt% to 1.0wt% was mixed with polyacrylamide solution. After conducting several tests of polymer and nanoparticle mixture, we …

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  • high concentration polyacrylamide-based friction reduce

    High Concentration Polyacrylamide-Based Friction Reducer. Traditionally, friction reducer systems have been used to promote laminar flow in pipe to reduce friction pressure in pumping of low viscosity, slickwater-type fracture treatments. In these types of treatments, velocity is the key factor in proppant transport into the reservoir.

    Get Price

  • Shear Viscosities of Ionic Polyacrylamide Solutions ...

    Solutions of ionic polyacrylamide polymers behave pseudoplastic in purely viscometric flow. Flow rate, polymer molecular weight and electrolytes affect solution viscosities to a large extent. Equations are given for the viscosity-shear rate relations in a form that can be used conveniently to account for the effect of viscosity on mobility.

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  • Reprinted from Adsorption From Aqueous Solutions P.H ...

    2003-2-21 · ADSORPTION OF POLYACRYLAMIDE 147 FIGURE 2 Diagram illustrating changes in reduced viscosity of polyacrylamide with aging of the solutions under higher temperature conditions (60.C). ~ 4--e-a ~ 3 U) 0 u U):> 2 u i&: U ~ 1 0 oJ g 0 oJ ~ FIGURE 3 T'UE,mlft Diagram i.llu~trilting changes in reduced viscosity of polyacrylamide in alkaline solutions.

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  • Stability of polyacrylamides in hard brines at elevated ...

    2021-6-26 · Viscosity retention was also found to be extremely shear-rate dependent. Other naturally occurring polymers exhibited variable performance. In alkaline brines, polyacrylamides were stable up to 90/sup 0/C (194/sup 0/F) for long periods of time, whereas xanthan was degraded at >50/sup 0/C (>122/sup 0/F).al « less.

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  • High Concentration Polyacrylamide-Based Friction

    2016-2-1 · Motiee, Monet , Johnson, Maxwell , Ward, Brian , Gradl, Christian , McKimmy, Michael , and Jeremy Meeheib. 'High Concentration Polyacrylamide-Based Friction Reducer Used as a Direct Substitute for Guar-Based Borate Crosslinked Fluid in Fracturing Operations.'

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  • UV-Initiated Polymerization of Cationic

    2013-12-24 · The best condition for the intrinsic viscosity of P(AM-DAC-BA) in theory was that photoinitiator concentration was 0.60‰, incident light intensity 1491.67 μw/cm 2, and illumination time 117.89 min, respectively.

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  • Empirical Correlations for Viscosity of Polyacrylamide ...

    2015-6-2 · Empirical Correlations for Viscosity of Polyacrylamide Solutions with the Effects of Concentration, Molecular Weight and Degree of Hydrolysis of Polymer Author: Muhammad R. Hashmet, Mustafa Onur and Isa M. Tan Subject: Journal of Applied Sciences Keywords: Viscosity, polyacrylamide solutiory, enhanced oil recovery Created Date

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  • Dissolvable Polyacrylamide Beads for High‐Throughput ...

    2020-10-20 · viscosity of reaction solution, we measured the viscosity of solu-tion with dissolved beads and without beads by using tracer particles. The viscosity of the solution with dissolved beads is Adv. Sci. 2020, 7, 1903463 Figure 2. Fabrication and characterization of dissolvable polyacrylamide beads.

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  • STUDY ON GELATION OF POLYACRYLAMIDE

    Viscosity of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM)/aluminum citrate (AlCit) colloidal dispersion gel has been measured in gelation of the system. The result showed that the viscosity of HPAM/AlCit cross|linking system increased with reaction time when the concentration of HPAM is higher, and the final viscosity of the system is higher than the viscosity of HPAM solution with same ...

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  • Lab and evaluation methods of polymer properties

    2018-3-22 · Adding a small concentration of polymer to water will significantly increase the viscosity of the water (Nouri & Root, 1971). The polymers most commonly used as mobility control agents include synthetic polymers (e.g., hydrolyzed polyacrylamide), biopolymers (e.g., xanthan), and, recently, associative polymer.

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  • Shear Viscosities of Ionic Polyacrylamide Solutions ...

    Solutions of ionic polyacrylamide polymers behave pseudoplastic in purely viscometric flow. Flow rate, polymer molecular weight and electrolytes affect solution viscosities to a large extent. Equations are given for the viscosity-shear rate relations in a form that can be used conveniently to account for the effect of viscosity on mobility.

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  • UV-Initiated Polymerization of Cationic

    2013-12-24 · The best condition for the intrinsic viscosity of P(AM-DAC-BA) in theory was that photoinitiator concentration was 0.60‰, incident light intensity 1491.67 μw/cm 2, and illumination time 117.89 min, respectively.

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  • Adsorption Characteristics of Polyacrylamide and

    2003-2-20 · the viscosity, which is expected to be small but significant for high-molecular-weight polymers such as those used in this work. In distilled water, the Mark-Houwink viscosity parameters for polyacrylamide are K - 6.31 X 103 dl/g and a = 0.8 at 30°C.27 Similar parameters are not available for the acrylamide co-polymers.

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  • Empirical Correlations for Viscosity of Polyacrylamide ...

    2015-6-2 · Empirical Correlations for Viscosity of Polyacrylamide Solutions with the Effects of Concentration, Molecular Weight and Degree of Hydrolysis of Polymer Author: Muhammad R. Hashmet, Mustafa Onur and Isa M. Tan Subject: Journal of Applied Sciences Keywords: Viscosity, polyacrylamide solutiory, enhanced oil recovery Created Date

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  • Polyacrylamide in Water Treatment - Sinofloc

    The viscosity of polyacrylamide solution is related to its molecular weight and formulation concentration. 4, polyacrylamide dissolved: dissolved in order to play a full play flocculation. Sometimes need to speed up the dissolution rate, then consider increasing the concentration of polyacrylamide solution.

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  • STUDY ON GELATION OF POLYACRYLAMIDE

    Viscosity of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM)/aluminum citrate (AlCit) colloidal dispersion gel has been measured in gelation of the system. The result showed that the viscosity of HPAM/AlCit cross|linking system increased with reaction time when the concentration of HPAM is higher, and the final viscosity of the system is higher than the viscosity of HPAM solution with same ...

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  • citeseerx 〞 estimating polyacrylamide concentration

    CiteSeerX — Estimating polyacrylamide concentration. CiteSeerX Document Details (Isaac Councill, Lee Giles, Pradeep Teregowda): One practice used to control irrigation-induced erosion amends irrigation furrow inflows with water-soluble, anionic polyacrylamide (PAM) at low concentrations (0.25-10 mg L- I).

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  • Rheological behaviour and adsorption phenomenon

    Effects of Concentration of Polyacrylamide on Salt and Alkali Free Reactive Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics #CottonFabrics #Polyacrylamide #ReactiveDye

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  • Polyacrylamide PAM Flocculant for Water Treatment -

    Polyacrylamide PAM, with the chemical formula of (C3H5NO)n and the CAS NO. of 9003-05-8, is a linear polymer. Polyacrylamide polymer has good thermal stability, can be dissolved in water in any proportion, and the aqueous solution is a uniform and transparent liquid. PAM is one of the most widely used water-soluble polymers.

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  • Rheological Properties of Partially Hydrolyzed ...

    2009-2-18 · The hydrodynamic volume is given by so the intrinsic viscosity is Φ 0 is a constant which depends on the distribution of segments within the coil. A value of 3.67x10 2 4 /mol is appropriate for non-draining Gaussian coils [].For Gaussian chains, the ratio of the mean square radius of gyration to the molecular weight is a constant, so we have

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  • Viscosity of Polymer Solutions

    1991-10-8 · Higher xanthan concentration raised the absolute solution viscosity and increased the degree of shear thinning. Addition of remedial amendments (e.g., phosphate, sodium lactate, ethyl lactate) caused the more » dynamic viscosity of xanthan gum to decrease, but the solutions maintained shear-thinning properties.

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  • Reduction of the viscosity of solutions viscosified with ...

    Aging and loss of flocculation activity of aqueous polyacrylamide solutions Aging and loss of flocculation activity of aqueous polyacrylamide solutions Shyluk, W. P.; Stow, F. S. 1969-05-01 00:00:00 There is a rapid and a slow stage in the decrease of reduced specific viscosity versus time (aging) for a solution of a high intrinsic viscosity polyacrylamide in water.

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  • Aging and loss of flocculation activity of aqueous ...

    1996-12-1 · Free Online Library: On the correlation between the viscosity of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide solution and the diffusion coefficient in the semidilute concentration regime.(International Forum On Polymers - 1996) by 'Polymer Engineering and Science'; Engineering and manufacturing Science and technology, general Water-soluble polymers Research

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  • On the correlation between the viscosity of partially ...

    1994-4-26 · Process for preparing polyacrylamide gel plate for electrophoresis Abstract. A process for preparing a polyacrylamide gel plate for electrophoresis with any desired concentrations, which comprises mixing a high concentration acrylamide monomer solution, a low concentration peroxide solution, and a low concentration reducing solution at an arbitrary ratio, and introducing the mixture …

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  • Process for preparing polyacrylamide gel plate for ...

    2017-7-18 · Parylene C is a well-known polymer and it has been mainly employed as a protective layer for implantable electronics. In this paper, we propose a new approach to use Parylene C as a versatile ...

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  • Parylene C topographic micropattern as a template for ...

    2020-12-31 · A method and reactive treatment fluid for treating a wellbore for filter cake removal, including providing the reactive treatment fluid having a viscoelastic surfactant (VES) into a wellbore in a subterranean formation and attacking the filter cake via the reactive treatment fluid.

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  • US Patent Application for Viscoelastic-Surfactant ...

    Lista de artigos de revistas sobre o assunto 'Flocculant'. Publicações acadêmicas a adicionar à bibliografia com o texto completo em pdf. Fontes selecionadas e temas de pesquisa.

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  • Characterizing Viscoelastic Properties of Polyacrylamide

    2006-4-27 · polyacrylamide gel properties using a ball indentation technique. In addition, Dr. Dennis Discher and colleagues have evaluated the comparison between mechanical stiffness values of several natural and polyacrylamide gel substrates using AFM (Engler, 2004). Compelling results were obtained displaying similarities between several substrate types.

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  • Evaluation of Polyacrylamide (PAM) for reducing

    2019-12-3 · Relative viscosity measurements, conducted using columns packed with a standard sand media, demonstrated that the viscosity of the applied water increased as the concentration of PAM increased. The effect of PAM on viscosity may offset the ability of the polymer to increase infiltration though improved aggregate stability.

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  • Synthesis and properties of polyacrylamide by ...

    2017-1-1 · The concentration of the clay NPs in HPAM solution must be under a threshold value. In the experiments presented in this Letter, threshold concentration seems to be about 0.9 percent of weight. The present investigation showed that ultrasonic resulted in properties of physical changes, including the reduction of viscosity and PS.

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  • Physical Properties of Associative Polymer Solutions

    2009-6-10 · 2.3 Relationship between the viscosity and the shear rate of SuperPusher D118. 17 2.4 Relationship between the viscosity and the shear rate of SuperPusher S255. 17 2.5 Relationship between the viscosity and the shear rate of FLOPAAM 3630s. 19 2.6 The e ect of salinity on the viscosity in associative polymer. . . . . . . . . . 20

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  • HYDROLYZED POLYACRYLAMIDE- POLYETHYLENIMINE-

    2016-9-15 · Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide- Polyethylenimine- Dextran Sulfate Polymer Gel System as a Water Shut-off Agent in Unconventional Gas Reservoirs. (May 2012) ... We have developed a low-concentration, low-viscosity and delayed-crosslink polymeric gel system as a water shut-off agent for hydraulically-fractured tight

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  • Polyacrylamide effect on hydraulic conductivity of ...

    Among soil hydro-physical properties, hydraulic conductivity is more sensitive to changes in soil structure. Hydraulic conductivity describes the ease with which a fluid (usually water) can move through pore spaces or fractures. It depends on the intrinsic permeability of the material and on the degree of saturation, and on the density and viscosity of the fluid.

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  • [PDF] Polyacrylamide degradation and its implications

    High molecular weight (106–3 × 107 Da) polyacrylamide (PAM) is commonly used as a flocculant in water and wastewater treatment, as a soil conditioner, and as a viscosity modifier and friction reducer in both enhanced oil recovery and high volume hydraulic fracturing. These applications of PAM can result in significant environmental challenges, both in water management and in contamination ...

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  • Rheological properties of cellulose ethers and their ...

    2019-12-2 · (SE), polyacrylamide (PAA), inorganic thickeners (bentonites, sepiolites, etc.) that have the role of increasing the low shear viscosity of the wet mix. The main feature of pure cellulose ethers themselves is a rheological property, i.e. the viscosity of a 2% …

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  • ACRYLAMIDE AND POLYACRYLAMIDE - IHS Markit

    Report No. 99 ACRYLAMIDE AND POLYACRYLAMIDE by YEN-CHEN YEN e June 1976 a A private report by the PROCESS ECONOMICS PROGRAM l STANFORD RESEARCH INSTITUTE

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  • Viscosity of Polymer Solutions

    2020-7-5 · Summary Intrinsic Viscosity. is a measure for the internal friction in polymer solutions at the limit of zero polymer concentration. Thus, this quantity describes the effect of completely separated polymer chains on the solution viscosity.

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  • Characterizing Viscoelastic Properties of Polyacrylamide

    2006-4-27 · polyacrylamide gel properties using a ball indentation technique. In addition, Dr. Dennis Discher and colleagues have evaluated the comparison between mechanical stiffness values of several natural and polyacrylamide gel substrates using AFM (Engler, 2004). Compelling results were obtained displaying similarities between several substrate types.

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  • Polyacrylamide-Treated Kaolin clay: A Fabric Study

    Fabric changes in sedimentation, viscosity, and liquid limit behavior in the presence of polyacrylamide corresponding to the change in the type of particle association are observed in SEM. Floc/aggregate size and density tend to increase with increasing polyacrylamide concentration, showing the formation of more larger, denser flocs.

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  • Polyacrylamide Emulsions Handbook - SNF

    2012-7-22 · Polyacrylamide Emulsions Handbook 2-2 Storage and handling of emulsions : basic principles Emulsions must be stored inside a building at a constant temperature between 5°C and 30°C. During the storage and handling, the emulsion must not be contaminated by water.

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  • 00-305/1156 acryl.poly tn - Bio-Rad

    2010-9-14 · polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) has led to its ... increase in viscosity. Excess ammonium persulfate and TEMED have other effects, including oxidation of sample proteins (especially ... Reducing the concentration of initiators results in longer polymer chain lengths, lower turbidity, and greater elasticity.

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  • Polyacrylamide injection matrix for serial femtosecond ...

    2019-2-21 · The viscosity of PAM can be increased by increasing the concentration of PAM; however, a final concentration of >20% (w/v) PAM is physically difficult to mix with the crystal sample in the syringe ...

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  • [PDF] Polyacrylamide degradation and its implications

    High molecular weight (106–3 × 107 Da) polyacrylamide (PAM) is commonly used as a flocculant in water and wastewater treatment, as a soil conditioner, and as a viscosity modifier and friction reducer in both enhanced oil recovery and high volume hydraulic fracturing. These applications of PAM can result in significant environmental challenges, both in water management and in contamination ...

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  • Viscosity of Polymer Solutions

    2020-7-5 · Summary Intrinsic Viscosity. is a measure for the internal friction in polymer solutions at the limit of zero polymer concentration. Thus, this quantity describes the effect of completely separated polymer chains on the solution viscosity.

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  • Hyperfloc MG 655(anionic polyacrylamide) used for

    Viscosity breaker for polyacrylamide friction reducers . United States Patent 7621335 . Abstract: A well treating fluid useful in slickwater fracturing processes contains polyacrylamide friction reducer and a viscosity breaker capable of reducing the viscosity of the well treating fluid to about the viscosity of water at ambient temperatures of ...

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  • Viscosity breaker for polyacrylamide friction reducers ...

    2013-6-17 · The viscosity of a gelling agent in solution is a function of its molecular weight. The viscosity increases with increasing chain length and concentration. Figure 2 shows how this occurs. For slick water the polymer concentration should be below the Critical Overlap Concentration C*, for crosslinked gels the

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  • Polyacrylamide-Treated Kaolin clay: A Fabric Study

    Fabric changes in sedimentation, viscosity, and liquid limit behavior in the presence of polyacrylamide corresponding to the change in the type of particle association are observed in SEM. Floc/aggregate size and density tend to increase with increasing polyacrylamide concentration, showing the formation of more larger, denser flocs.

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  • Elastic, Superporous Hydrogel Hybrids of Polyacrylamide ...

    2006-9-29 · medium viscosity grade was used in this experiment, there were other parameters, including the alginate grade (low to high viscosity), the alginate concentration, and the calcium chloride concentration (ratio of CaCl 2/alginate), that could potentially affect the …

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  • Rheology of hydrophobically modified polyacrylamide

    2012-7-22 · Polyacrylamide Emulsions Handbook 2-2 Storage and handling of emulsions : basic principles Emulsions must be stored inside a building at a constant temperature between 5°C and 30°C. During the storage and handling, the emulsion must not be contaminated by water.

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  • Polyacrylamide Emulsions Handbook - SNF

    2014-12-12 · In this thesis, the viscosity and the thermal conductivity of viscoelastic water-polyacrylamide fluids were investigated experimentally by examining the effects of polymer concentration, fluid temperature and shear rate. Present results showed that when fluid

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  • Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity Measurements of ...

    2010-11-20 · and Letey (1988a) measured viscosity of water containing 0-50 g rrI3 (0-50 ppm) PAM in laboratory-prepared solutions and reported that water viscosity was unaltered throughout the range of PAM concen-trations tested. Consequently, viscosity at low PAM concentration should not effect flow erosivity. PAM also flocculates flow-suspended clays and ...

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  • INFLUENCE OF POLYMER CHARGE TYPE AND DENSITY

    Cationic polyacrylamides modified with fluorinated methacrylate (FPAM) were prepared with acrylamide, dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (DFM) and methacryloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride by free radical micellar copolymerization. The solution properties of FPAM were investigated. The results show that there are strong hydrophobic associations in the FPAM aqueous solution.

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  • Solution Properties of Cationic Polyacrylamide

    Viscosity breaker for polyacrylamide friction reducers . United States Patent 7621335 . Abstract: A well treating fluid useful in slickwater fracturing processes contains polyacrylamide friction reducer and a viscosity breaker capable of reducing the viscosity of the well treating fluid to about the viscosity of water at ambient temperatures of ...

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  • Viscosity breaker for polyacrylamide friction reducers ...

    Dr. Bruce Perrault, Ph.D , (Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech), USA) Fluorocompounds areone of the important parts of our daily life, concerning alimentation, health care or leisure time as well as the alternative energy sector, which is of an increasing significance in times of …

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  • Empirical correlations for viscosity of polyacrylamide ...

    Empirical correlations for viscosity of polyacrylamide solutions with the effects of concentration, molecular weight and degree of hydrolysis of polymer. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 14(10), 1000-1007.

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  • Instruction Manual Polyacrylamide Gel

    2009-9-3 · Gel filtration is largely independent of sample concentration. The volume of the sample relative to the bed volume is far more impor-tant. For analytical purposes the sample should not be larger than 1-5% of the bed volume, whereas for desalting the sample can be as large as 30-35% of the bed volume. The viscosity of the sample may

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  • Polyacrylamide and its derivatives for oil recovery

    2020-10-13 · Polyacrylamide is an umbrella term used to describe the homo-polymer of acrylamide and the copolymer of acrylamide with a small amount of other monomers. Owing to their superior property on increasing viscosity and gelling ability in the presence of crosslinkers, polyacrylamides has become the primarily selection for polymer

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  • [Study on infrared spectroscopy of cationic

    2014-5-1 · The intrinsic viscosity increased with the increase in light intensity, BA content, photoinitiator concentration and illumination time. The groups of -CONH2, -COOCH2(C=O), -COOCH2--(C-O-C), -CH2--N(CH3 )3 group in AM, DAC, BA were selected as characteristic absorption peaks for studying.

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  • EVALUATION OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS AS LOSS

    2013-1-1 · crosslinker polyethyleneimine on the viscosity and thermal stability of polyacrylamide (PAM). The major findings of this research thesis include the variation in viscosity profile, effect

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  • ABSTRACT - repository.lib.ncsu.edu

    2017-4-8 · inconsistent results. Reproducibility was finally found in polyacrylamide samples after some altering of the monomer concentration, initiator concentration, and power setting. The sonication time remained constant at 15 minutes. During polyacrylamide polymerization the

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  • The Rheological Behavior of Salt Tolerant

    2006-3-1 · The rheological behavior of viscoelastic fluids was investigated with regard to the specialty of tertiary oil recovery. Aqueous polyacrylamide solutions at different concentrations were selected to simulate viscoelastic polymer systems, and the Haake RS 150 type rheometer was used to measure the rheological behavior. The experimental results showed that the viscoelasticity was positively ...

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  • polyacrylamide（PAM）_OKCHEM

    polyacrylamide（PAM） 9003-05-8,Used for domestic sewage, purification of industrial water, industrial waste water, backwater injection in mines and oilfields, purification of papermaking, metallurgy, coal washing, leather and various chemical waste water treatment_OKCHEM

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  • Effect of Salt Concentration on Base-gel Viscosity of ...

    This paper investigates the effect of salt concentration on reduced viscosity for different types of polymers used in fracturing fluids. Different polymers, such as guar, hydroxypropyl guar (HPG), carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl guar (CMHPG), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and other biopolymers, are used for preparation of fracturing fluids.

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  • US7621335B2 - Viscosity breaker for polyacrylamide ...

    A well treating fluid useful in slickwater fracturing processes contains polyacrylamide friction reducer and a viscosity breaker capable of reducing the viscosity of the well treating fluid to about the viscosity of water at ambient temperatures of typical underground formations. The viscosity breaker is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, calcium peroxide, magnesium ...

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